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King John (A.D. 1199 - 1216). John was born on Christmas Eve 1167. He and his brother Richard I clashed in 1184 following Richard's refusal to honor his father's wishes to surrender Aquitane to John. The following year Henry II sent John to rule Ireland, but John alienated both the native Irish. John failed to overthrow Richard's administrators during Richard's captivity and conspired with Philip II in another failed coup attempt. Upon Richard's release from captivity in 1194, John was forced to sue for pardon and he spent the next five years in his brother's shadow.

Henry II (1154-1189 AR denier, 16mm, Obv: HENRICVS REX, central cross. Rev: +/AQVI/TANI/E. Elias 1c, Roberts 3881.









Richard I (1189-99) Denier, 18mm. Obv: +RICA/RDYS/W(omega). Rev:+AQUITANIE, central cross. Elias 4, Roberts 3885.

 

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Cut half of Richard 1st, this was a voided short cross penny.